The ladybug or Asian beetle, Harmonia axyridis, also known as the red-spotted harlequin, is an extremely large, polypored, multicolored carpenterworm. It is among the most variable species on earth, with an extremely wide variety of color forms. Some of the more common harlequin species are: Red-Faced, Black-Faced, spotted, silver-banded, cinnamon-winged, orange-red, or yellow-black. Although it is considered to be a pest, this insect is actually beneficial to nature. This paper will present some of the benefits that it provides by means of biological control, and some of the problems that it can cause, if not controlled properly.
The Asian ladybug or red-faced ladybug is probably the most widely distributed and aggressive of all of its species. They tend to eat a wide array of different foods, and will even feed on the leaf debris of trees (thus creating what is known as “cker log”). This species has an extreme appetite for protein, so they will consume any protein source they can find. The eggs of this species are also very small and easy to identify; they are about 2.5 microns in length and have a black streak in their center. Ladybugs lay their eggs in clumps, which are called sperms.
One of the other ladybug species, the red-headed ladybug or red-footed ladybug, is much less aggressive than the red-faced ladybug, but is less mobile. These species generally stay around the same area, but travel in packs when they are threatened or when food is scarce. In areas where they are not disturbed, they will either hibernate or forage on flowers. Their main food source is the milkweed plant. Other ladybugs such as the hornbeam ladybug or the phlox ladybug will eat either grass or plant stems. Most ladybugs feed at night, although it is possible for them to feed during the day.
The potato beetle, which is native to Central America, is one of two pest insects that attack foliage and root systems of plants. They are a large species that is known for their ability to eat a variety of plants, including the popular tomato. They are common in wet or humid areas. When threatened, they will curl up into a ball and almost shiver to death. Other aphids host plants include the bean bug and the spider mite.
There are several ways to control these pests once they have been introduced into a garden. Since they feed on a variety of plants, you will want to use a variety of insecticides. Some of the best organic methods for controlling them include using beneficial predators, barriers, and traps. Ladybirds, birds, ladybugs, dragonflies, lacewings, and ground beetles are some of the beneficial predators that will destroy adult beetles and their eggs.
Traps are another option to use to control these insects. These baits can be placed beneath rocks, in flowerbeds, in plant beds, and anywhere in your garden that the beetles like to build their nests. For winter, some people place sticky traps under the snow and inside the tree bark. The sticky traps are usually used in the spring, but not considered harmful to the potato beetle when spring comes because of the lack of moisture.